北大经院工作坊第370场
Waves of Empowerment: Black Radio and the Civil Rights Movement
经济史工作坊
主讲人：
Tianyi Wang (Postdoctoral Research Associate at Princeton University)
主持老师：
（北大经院）赵一泠
参与老师：
（北大经院）郝煜、管汉晖、周建波
（北大光华）颜色
（北大国发院）席天扬、于航
时间：
2021年11月16日（周二）20：00-21：30
形式：
Zoom会议
会议号: 774 134 4315
主讲人简介：
Tianyi Wang is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at Princeton University. His primary research interests are at the intersection of political economy and economic history.
摘要：
In the early 1960s, as the civil rights movement was gaining momentum, Black-oriented radio stations were broadcasting across large swaths of the South. This paper uses newly digitized data to provide the first empirical evidence on the effects of Black radio on the civil rights movement. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in signal reception resulting from topographic factors, I find strong evidence that Black radio increased Black political participation and activism in the South during the early 1960s, as measured by Black voter registration and the presence of a local chapter of the NAACP. For mechanisms, I find evidence consistent with Black radio increasing the reach of civil rights groups and providing positive role models to African Americans. Moreover, results suggest that exposure to Black radio translated into substantive economic and political gains for the Black community in the form of greater state aid and legislative support for civil rights bills. Much of the effects of Black radio took place before the enactment of landmark civil rights legislation, highlighting the significance of Black radio to the Black community.
北大经院工作坊第371场
学生专场一
劳动-健康经济学工作坊
主持老师：
（北大经院）石菊
（北大国发院）雷晓燕
参与老师：
（北大经院）秦雪征、袁野、王耀璟
（北大国发院）赵耀辉、李玲、刘国恩、张丹丹
时间：
2020年11月17日（周三）10：00-11：30
地点：
腾讯会议，获取参会链接请参考过往推送
【一】
主讲人：
许多（8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院博士生）
题目：
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on online medical consultation: Evidence from China（新冠疫情对在线医疗服务使用的影响：来自中国的证据）
主讲人简介：
许多，8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院2016级博士研究生，主要研究方向为互联网医疗。邮箱：xuduo_nsd@pku.edu.cn。
摘要：
传染病大流行会改变经济行为并推动技术应用。在新冠疫情期间，美国、加拿大等发达国家和中国等发展中国家的远程医疗服务使用量都出现了大幅增长，随之产生一个重要问题：疫情中远程医疗服务使用量的增加是临时的行为调整还是长期的需求变化？本研究基于好大夫在线的交易订单数据，使用了双向固定效应模型、事件分析法，分析了新冠疫情对患者在线问诊需求的短期和长期影响。文章发现，发生疫情不仅会在当月增大所在城市在线问诊的发起量，还会在此后持续增大在线问诊发起量；这种效应会因科室、新老用户、移动手机普及率而存在差异。新冠疫情增大在线问诊需求之后，也造成线上医生的供给持续增加。本研究从需方角度实证分析新冠疫情对互联网医疗服务使用长期影响，为研究疫情对消费者行为和技术应用所产生影响的相关文献做了拓展和补充，也为各国在后疫情时代借助远程医疗弥补未满足的医疗需求提供了经验和知识。
【二】
主讲人：
黄家林（8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院博士后）
题目：
补充医疗保险对居民消费的影响：来自城乡居民大病保险的证据
主讲人简介：
黄家林，8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院2017级博士生、2021年入站博士后，研究方向为健康经济学、劳动经济学。邮箱：hjl_pku@163.com。
摘要：
本文基于中国家庭追踪调查数据（CFPS），利用地级市层面实施城乡居民大病保险的时间差异，运用双重差分法估计了大病医疗保险对居民消费的影响。研究结果表明，大病保险使得家庭人均消费显著地增加了6%左右。并且，这一效果在期初住院率高、储蓄率高以及收入较高的家庭中更明显。进一步，本文检验了大病保险的三种可能影响渠道，发现降低家庭未来医疗支出风险预期是大病保险促进家庭消费的主要渠道。本文的研究结果对于完善多层次医疗保障体系和促进居民消费具有政策启示意义。
【三】
主讲人：
刘潇（8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院博士生）
题目：
Sex ratio, commitment and power distribution within the household：An empirical investigation of China's One Child Policy（性别失衡、承诺机制与家庭资源配置——基于计划生育政策的实证研究）
主讲人简介：
刘潇，国家发展研究院2016级博士生，研究方向为健康经济学、劳动经济学。邮箱：xliu16@pku.edu.cn。
摘要：
The paper investigates how conditions on the marriage market, and in particular the sex ratio, influence the balance of power between husband and wife under various assumptions on the spouses' ability to commit. We use the significant shifts in sex ratio over a relatively brief period that were triggered by the implementation of the one-child policy (OCP) in China, which has varied across provinces depending on the respective proportions of ethnic minorities. The outcome we consider is households' decision to transfer time and resources to parents of the wife versus the husband. We find that the sex ratio at the date of marriage has a lasting impact on household behavior. This impact, however, tends to fade away with time; in the long term, the impact of the current sex ratio outweighs that of sex ratio at marriage. These findings are consistent with the predictions of a limited commitment model.
北大经院工作坊第372场
Export Dynamics: Evidence from the Global Mobile Phone Industry
出口的动态变化：来自全球手机产业的证据
发展与公共财政工作坊
主讲人：
谢晓晨（中国人民大学财政金融学院助理教授）
主持老师：
（北大经院）刘冲
参与老师：
（北大国发院）李力行、席天扬
时间：
2021年11月17日（周三）14：00-15：30
地点：
8797威尼斯老品牌国家发展研究院246会议室
主讲人简介：
谢晓晨，中国人民大学财政金融学院财政系助理教授，中国人民大学杰出学者青年学者。他于2013年7月分别获得8797威尼斯老品牌光华管理学院金融学学士学位和8797威尼斯老品牌数学科学学院统计学学士学位；2014年12月获得美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校经济学硕士学位；2021年5月获得美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学经济学博士学位；目前在中国人民大学财政金融学院财政系任助理教授。主要研究领域为公共财政，国际贸易，产业组织，城市与区域经济学。
摘要：
This paper studies firms' export dynamics using evidence from the global cellphone industry. Exporters tend to enter foreign markets that are geographically close or culturally similar to their previous export destinations. Most structural work of international trade has ignored firms' sequential export decisions across countries when estimating entry costs or has failed to build a framework in which firms' export-dynamic actions can be tractable or in which entry costs can be accurately estimated. I build a dynamic model in which firms first sequentially choose global regions for penetration and then spread out over the countries in the regions. I estimate firms' region- and country-level entry sunk costs for starting a business and the country-specific fixed costs for maintaining operation. I find that entering a new region with consumer characteristics similar to the previous export regions could reduce the entry costs as drastically as 81%. Relatedly, adding countries after penetrating a region would incur much lower entry costs than the costs associated with entering the first country in that region. Stricter trade regulation in large countries, such as the G7 group, would also reduce importers' entry margins and their trade value in the surrounding, smaller European countries. Moreover, conditional on the same productivity level, the geographical location of a firm's headquarters could determine as much as 70% of the variation in global expansion and sales. My model primitives predict a world with more advanced infrastructure, which can shorten the world's distance by half, could reduce delivery cost, and greatly enhance the consumer surplus in the mobile phone market by 1.3% to 3.87%. Compared to a static model, my dynamic model reports a gradual and less volatile increase in consumer surplus and market competition.
供稿单位：8797威尼斯老品牌科研办公室
美编：瑟瑟、初夏
责编：量子、禾雨、予天
